|
Arras (; (:aʁɑːs); ) is the capital (''chef-lieu''/préfecture) of the Pas-de-Calais department, which is half of Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France’s fourth most populous region. It is located in Northern France on the Scarpe river. The Arras plain lies on a large chalk plateau bordered on the north by the Marqueffles fault, on the southwest by the Artois and Ternois hills, and on the south by the slopes of Beaufort-Blavincourt. On the east it is connected to the Scarpe valley. Established during the Iron Age by the Gauls, the town of Arras was first known as ''Nemetocenna'', which is believed to have originated from the Celtic word ''nemeton'', meaning 'sacred space'. The first mention of the name ''Arras'' appeared in the 12th century. Some hypothesize it is a contraction of ''Atrebates'', a Belgic tribe of Gaul and Britain that used to inhabit the area. The name ''Atrebates'' could have successively evolved to become ''Atrades'', ''Atradis'', ''Aras'' and finally ''Arras''. Others believe it comes from the Celtic word ''Ar'', meaning 'running water', as the Scarpe river flows through Arras.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Histoire Générale - Arras-Online )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=ARRAS Historique )〕 Arras is Pas-de-Calais’ third most populous town after Calais and Boulogne-sur-Mer. The town counted 43,693 residents in 2012, with the Arras metropolitan area having a population of 124,200.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Mairie de ARRAS (62000) - Conseil-General.com )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Arras in Nord-Pas-de-Calais -- a Guide to Arras in northern France )〕 Arras is located north of Paris and can be reached in 2 hours by car and in 50 minutes by TGV. It is the historic center of the former Artois province. Its local speech is characterized as a patois. The city of Arras is well known for its architecture, culture, and history. It was once part of the Spanish Netherlands, a portion of the Low Countries controlled by Spain from 1556 to 1714. Each year Arras attracts thousands of visitors, who explore the city's architecture and historic buildings. Some famous attractions include the splendid Town Hall and its Belfry (listed as an UNESCO World Heritage Site since 15 July 2005), the "Boves" (a maze 10 meters beneath the city), the Squares (''La Place des Héros'' and ''La Grand'Place''), the Art District (the Theatre of Arras and the ''Hôtel de Guînes''), the Abbey District (The Saint-Vaast Abbey and the Cathedral of Arras), the Vauban Citadel, and the ''Nemetacum'' site (the ancient town founded by the Romans 2000 years ago).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Discover the heritage of the city of Arras - Arras Tourism Office )〕 Unlike many French words, the final ''s'' in the name ''Arras'' should be pronounced. == History == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Arras」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|